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DAWLAH
AL ISLAMİYAH FİL WA ASH SHAM
Genelkurmay IŞİD Kısaltmasını DEAŞ Olarak Değiştirdi
Genelkurmay, IŞİD kısaltmasını Cumhurbaşkanı Erdoğan'ın da kullanıldığı şekilde
"DEAŞ" olarak değiştirdi.
Genelkurmay Başkanlığı, Irak-Şam
İslam Devleti için "DEAŞ"
ifadesini kullandı. 
Daha önceden yapılan açıklamalarda, örgüt için IŞİD
kısaltması kullanılıyordu. Genelkurmay Başkanlığı sitesinde Kilis'teki bir
olayla ilgili dün yapılan açıklamada DEAŞ
kısaltmasının yer aldığı görüldü.
Açıklamada şunlar kaydedildi: "Türkiye’den Suriye’ye geçerek DEAŞ’a katılan dört kişi, Kilis /
Elbeyli’de, Suriye’den Türkiye’ye yasadışı yollarla geçmeye çalışırken,
güvenlik güçleri tarafından silahsız ve teçhizatsız olarak yakalanmıştır."
Bilindiği gibi Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan da
örgüt için DEAŞ kısaltmasını kullanıyor. 
Arapça olan kelimenin yazılışı aslında DAESH. Açılımı
ise şöyle; Dawlah al Islamiyah fil wa ash Sham.
Darlings of Daesh: 
Why teenage girls are flocking to join militants
Across Europe, hundreds of young women
have joined the terrorist group
Samra Kesinovic, 16, left,
and Sabina Selimovic, 15, became symbols of Austria’s concern about young
people being radicalised and going to fight in Syria.
London: Hundreds of young women and girls are leaving their homes
in western countries to join Islamist fighters in the Middle East, causing
increasing concern among counter-terrorism investigators.
Girls as young as 14 or 15 are
travelling mainly to Syria to marry militants, bear their children and join
communities of fighters, with a small number taking up arms. Many are recruited
via social media.
Women and girls appear to make up about ten per cent
of those leaving Europe, North America and Australia to link up with militant
groups, including Daesh, formerly the self-proclaimed Islamic State of Iraq and
the Levant. France has the highest number of female militant recruits, with 63
in the region —
about 25 per cent of the total — and
at least another 60 believed to be considering the move.
In most cases, women and girls appear to have left
home to marry militants, drawn to the idea of supporting their “brother fighters” and having “jihadist
children to continue the spread of Islam”, said Louis Caprioli, former
head of the French security agency Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire. “If their husband
dies, they will be given adulation as the wife of a martyr.”
Five people, including a sister and brother, were
arrested in France earlier this month suspected of belonging to a ring in
central France that specialised in recruiting young French women, according to
Bernard Cazeneuve, the interior minister. 
Counter-terrorism experts in the UK believe about 50
British girls and women have joined Daesh, about a tenth of those known to have
travelled to Syria to fight. Many are believed to be based in Raqqa, the eastern
Syrian city that has become a Daesh stronghold.
Those identified by researchers at the International
Centre for the Study of Radicalisation at Kings College London are mainly aged
between 16 and 24. Many are university graduates, and have left behind caring
families in their home countries. At least 40 women have left Germany to join
Daesh in Syria and Iraq in what appears to be a growing trend of teenagers
becoming radicalised and travelling to the Middle East without their parents’
permission. 
‘Romantic
idea’
“The youngest was 13-years-old,” Hans-Georg
Maassen, president of the Federal Office for the Protection of the
Constitution, told the Rheinische
Post. “Four
underage women left with a romantic idea of jihad marriage and married young
male fighters who they had got to know via the internet.”
In Austria, the case of two teenage friends, Samra
Kesinovic, 16, and Sabina Selimovic, 15, who ran away from their homes in
Vienna to join militants in Syria, may be “only the tip of the iceberg”, said Heinz Gartner, director of the Austrian
Institute for International Politics. An estimated 14 women and girls are known
to have left Austria to fight in the Middle East, according to the interior
ministry.
The US does not have available data on women and
girls joining Daesh fighters in Syria, a senior intelligence official said in
an emailed statement. “We do not have numbers to share on the number of women
linked to [Daesh] or fighting for them,” the
official said.
Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, a counter-terrorism expert
at the Washington-based Foundation for Defence of Democracies, downplayed the
issue in the US, saying the number of women and girls joining Daesh was of
concern, but not an epidemic. “It’s a threat, but it’s [one] among many potential
threats coming out of Syria,” he
said.
Karim Pakzad, of the French Institute of
International and Strategic Relations, said some young women had “an almost
romantic idea of war and warriors.
“There’s a certain fascination even with
the head and throat-cutting. It’s an adventure.” Some may feel
more respected and important than in their home countries, he added. 
‘Easily
manipulated’
But Shaista Gohir, of the UK Muslim Women’s Network,
said little was known about the young women’s motivation or what happened to
them after leaving home. “Some of these girls are very young and naive, they don’t
understand the conflict or their faith, and they are easily manipulated. Some
of them are taking young children with them; some may believe they are taking
part in a humanitarian mission,” she
said.
Social media plays a crucial role in recruiting young
women to join Daesh in the Middle East, according to many experts.
Some British women and girls have posted pictures of
themselves carrying AK-47s, grenades and in one case a severed head, as they
pledge allegiance to Daesh. But they are also tweeting pictures of food,
restaurants and sunsets to present a positive picture of the life awaiting
young women in an attempt to lure more from the UK.
Mia Bloom, a security studies professor at
Massachusetts University and author of Bombshell: Women and Terrorism, said the recruitment campaign painted a “Disney-like” picture of life in the caliphate. Some young
women were offered financial incentives, such as travel expenses or
compensation for bearing children.
Women already living amid Daesh fighters used social
media adeptly to portray Syria as a utopia and to attract foreign women to join
their “sisterhood in the caliphate”, she said. “The idea of living in the
caliphate is a very positive and powerful one that these women hold dear to
their heart.” 
Sold
into slavery
But the reality was very different, she said. Both
Bloom and Rolf Tophoven, director of Germany’s Institute for Terrorism Research
and Security Policy, said reports indicated that women had been raped, abused,
sold into slavery or forced to marry. “[Daesh] is a strictly Islamist, brutal movement ... the power,
the leadership structure, are clearly a male domain,” said Tophoven.
Messages between a British Daesh fighter in Syria and
his common-law wife, read in a UK court last month, revealed that many fighters
are taking several wives.
In an article in Foreign Policy focusing on Daesh’s
attitudes to women, former CIA analysts Aki Peritz and Tara Maller said
fighters were “committing horrific sexual violence on a seemingly industrial
scale.
“For example, the United Nations last
month estimated that [Daesh] has forced some 1,500 women, teenage
girls and boys into sexual slavery. Amnesty
International released a blistering document noting that [Daesh] abducts whole families in northern Iraq for
sexual assault and worse.
“Even in the first few days following
the fall of Mosul in June, women’s rights activists reported multiple incidents
of [Daesh] fighters going door to door,
kidnapping and raping Mosul’s women.”
FRANCE
Noora Al Bathy was an ordinary French
schoolgirl who wanted to be a doctor. She was 15 but looked young for her age:
a slight, smiling youngster in jeans and trainers posing for a photograph under
the Eiffel Tower.
When Noora left her family home in the
southern French city of Avignon one morning last January, with her school bag,
nothing seemed out of the ordinary. But, when her classes ended that day, Noora did not
return home. Instead, she took a train to Paris, withdrew €550 (Dh2,545) from
her savings account and changed her mobile phone to cover her tracks. She boarded a flight for Istanbul, and from there
took an second internal flight to the Syrian border.
Back in Avignon, her parents — practising but not
strict Muslims — reported Noora
missing to the police.
Her eldest brother, Fouad, trawled local
hospitals convinced she had been in an accident, searched his sister’s bedroom,
and examined her Facebook account for clues. There were none, except her hijab, which she had started
wearing a few months before, in the wardrobe.
It was only when Fouad quizzed her
closest school friends that the reason for Noora’s disappearance emerged. 
‘Biggest
Mistake Of My Life’
The Al Bathy family discovered that found
she had opened a second Facebook account where she was in contact with “jihad
recruiters” in the Paris region and had posted videos of women appealing for
recruits to go to Syria. In one picture, a completely veiled woman, brandishing
a Kalashnikov, appeared with the caption: “Yes, kill! In the name of Allah,” in French.
She also sent Fouad a text message to say
she had arrived in Aleppo, Syria, and that she “preferred being there”.
The family received two further phone calls: one from a man speaking
Arabic and a second from a man speaking French. The caller asked them to give
their permission for Noora to marry. Her parents refused.
Fouad later succeeded in getting to Syria
and seeing Noora. Afterwards, he said she had told him:
“‘I’ve made the biggest mistake of my life.’
“She was thin and sick. She never sees
any light. With
other women she has to look after young children, orphans, but she lives
surrounded by armed men.”
BRITAIN
Twin sisters Zahrah and Salma Halane, 16,
left their home in Chorlton, Manchester, in July without their parents’
knowledge to follow their brother to Syria.
The girls — whose parents came to the UK as refugees from Somalia — passed their GCSEs last summer after attending
Whalley Range high school for girls in Manchester and went on to study at
Connell sixth-form college.
They left home in the middle of the night
and were reported missing by their parents.
Now both are reportedly
married to Daesh fighters.
A social-media account believed to belong
to Zahrah shows her in a full veil posing with an AK-47 and kneeling in front
of the Daesh flag. Recent postings describe how she had lost her kitten, after
her husband threw it outside. 
SCOTLAND
Aqsa Mahmoud — also known as Umm Layth — left Glasgow for Syria last November and has married an Daesh
fighter. She is a prolific social-media user and writes a blog in which she
advises other young women about the best way to travel to Syria and marry a
fighter.
Mahmoud, 20, has described the difficulty
of telephoning her parents from the Turkish border to tell them she wanted to
become a martyr and would see them again on judgement day.
In her blog she wrote: “The first phone call you make once you cross the borders
is one of the most difficult things you will ever have to do. Your
parents are already worried enough over where you are, whether you are okay and
what’s happened.
“How does a parent who has
little Islamic knowledge and understanding comprehend why their son or daughter
has left their well-off life, education and a bright future behind to go live
in a war-torn country.”
In another post she described the type of
young women who, like her, had joined Daesh from all over the world.
“Most sisters I have come
across have been in university studying courses with many promising paths, with
big, happy families and friends, and
everything in the Dunyah [material world] to persuade
one to stay behind and enjoy the luxury. If we had stayed behind, we could have
been blessed with it all from a relaxing and comfortable life and lots of
money. Wallahi that’s not what we want.” 
UNITED STATES
Shannon Conley’s plan to serve as a nurse
for Daesh in Syria ended in April when the Colorado teenager was arrested on
the runway at Denver airport.
A 19-year-old nurse’s aide,
Conley had embraced Islam. According to court documents, her family was shocked
to find she was interested in “violent jihad”.
Conley was reported to police in October
2013 by a local pastor, after church staff became suspicious of her. For the
next five months, Conley had a series of open conversations with undisguised
federal agents, during which she repeatedly told them she intended to “wage
jihad” overseas. She also “intended to train” Islamist militant fighters in US
military tactics, the complaint said.
Agents said they attempted to dissuade
her from taking up the violent cause, even suggesting she turn to humanitarian
efforts instead.
Conley told investigators she planned to
marry a Daesh member she met online in early 2014. Agents believe this man is
32-year-old Yousr Mouelhi of Tunisia.
Mouelhi reportedly encouraged her to
receive additional training so she could assist fighters once she arrived in
Syria. In
February, she attended a US army Explorers cadet training camp in Texas to
learn US military tactics and practise shooting.
In March, Mouelhi organised Conley’s
flight, arranging for her to travel from Denver to Germany, and then to Turkey.
At the time of her arrest, Conley was carrying a list of contacts, a National
Rifle Association certificate and a first aid manual. In her bedroom,
investigators found literature on Al Qaida and other militant groups.
Conley went to a US army
cadet camp to learn basic military skills.
Earlier this month, Conley pleaded guilty
to providing material support to Al Qaida and other terror groups such as
Daesh. She faces up to five years in a US prison and a $250,000 (Dh918,250)
fine. 
AUSTRIA
The images of two young
smiling schoolgirls — Samra Kesinovic, 16, and her friend Sabina Selimovic, 15
— have become symbols of Austria’s concern about young people being radicalised
and going to fight in Syria.
The girls, whose families came to Austria
from Bosnia, ran away from their Vienna homes in April to fight in the “holy
war”, telling their families in a note: “Don’t look for us. We will serve Allah — and we will die
for him.”
It is thought the girls were radicalised
after attending a local mosque run by a radical preacher, Abu Tejma. Samra’s
school confirmed that before her disappearance she had been a vocal advocate of
the “holy war”’, writing “I love Al Qaida” around the school.
Recent reports in Austrian
media suggested that one of the girls had died, although police
have not been able to confirm this and it was contradicted by a WhatsApp
message from Sabina to friends that said: “Neither of us are dead.”
Police believe both the girls were
married to Chechen fighters shortly after arriving in Syria and it is suspected
that they are both now pregnant, as their names on social media have been
changed to include Umm, the Arabic word for ‘“mother”. However, Austrian police have warned
that it is likely their social media accounts are being controlled by men.
Samra and Sabina have been
described as “jihad poster girls” whose story is inspiring other young women to join the holy war; earlier
in September the government said they stopped two other young girls — a 14- and
15-year-old — from leaving the country on their way to fight. Authorities said
they had been lured by “false promises” of
a beautiful country and houses and had no intention of carrying out terrorist
acts, although it was reported that one of the girls said she wanted “to support Daesh —
it doesn’t matter where”. 
GERMANY
In October 2013, Sarah O, 15, did not
come home from school in Konstanz, southern Germany. Her father reported her missing
two days later. Soon after, she posted pictures of herself on various
social-media sites holding a machine gun, wearing a burka and black gloves. She
said she was being trained to use the gun, and that her day consisted of “Sleeping, eating,
shooting, learning, listening to lectures.” She
also wrote: “By
the way, I’ve joined Al Qaida.”
Sarah, who is half German, half Algerian,
called her father a few weeks later with a young man, Esmail S, a Daesh fighter
from Germany.
He asked her father for
permission to marry Sarah; the father refused, demanding that she return home.
She stayed in Syria and married Esmail in January.
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FRANCE'S MOST-WANTED WOMAN
Hayat Boumeddiene: France's most-wanted woman
The 26-year-old is partner to Amedy Coulibaly, one of
the three gunmen shot dead by police after three days of mayhem in France
This
photo released on January 9, 2015 by the French police shows Hayat Boumeddiene
suspected of being involved in the killing of a policewoman in Montrouge on
January 8 with another supect Amedy Coulibaly.
Parıs: A crossbow in her hands and covered top-to-toe in a black
headwear and robe that leaves only her eyes visible - that is the image now
circulating of France's most-wanted woman: Hayat Boumeddiene. 
The 26-year-old is partner to Amedy Coulibaly, one of
the three gunmen shot dead by police after three days of mayhem in France.
The photo, first published by Le Monde newspaper,
contrasts with the one French police issued in its public appeal to locate her
following Friday's bloody drama, in which Coulibaly was killed by police
commandos after he took hostages in a Jewish supermarket in Paris.
The mugshot provided by the police shows a
sleepy-eyed young woman, her face and brown hair showing, whom they had
questioned in 2010 about Coulibaly.
The police notice, however, warns that
she is considered "armed and dangerous".
She is suspected of being Coulibaly's accomplice in
the murder of a policewoman in southern Paris on Thursday, during a massive
manhunt for two brothers who a day earlier massacred 12 people at the offices
of the satirical weekly Charlie Hebdo.
Police also suspect she might have had a hand in
Coulibaly's supermarket hostage-taking, though she was not identified among the
dead or wounded.
Coulibaly was a 32-year-old longtime criminal who
apparently became a radical Muslim during one of his frequent stints in prison.
He claimed in a brief phone call to French television
station BFMTV midway through the supermarket siege that he belonged to the
Daesh.
Coulibaly also said he had coordinated his
hostage-taking with the other two gunmen, brothers Cherif and Said Kouachi, who
claimed separately to BFMTV that they belonged to another fundamentalist group,
Al-Qaeda in Yemen.
'MARRİED' İN 2009
Cherif Kouachi, a
32-year-old Frenchman of Algerian descent, was said to have pushed Coulibaly,
also a French citizen, towards extremism while the two were in prison together.
There was "constant and sustained"
communication between Boumeddiene and the girlfriend of Cherif Kouachi,
according to Paris's chief prosecutor Frangois Molins, who said "more than
500 calls" were made between the two women in 2014.
Investigators are now going through telephone records
and wiretaps, and other material seized during searches, to determine the
extent of the complicity and anyone else who might be connected to the gunmen. 
But the focus right now is on
Boumeddiene.
Coulibaly moved back in with her in May
last year when he was released from his last period behind bars.
One of seven children to a mother who died when she
was six, Boumeddiene was put into foster care with her young siblings because
her father, a delivery man, was unable to take care of them.
She had a religious ceremony in 2009 to
"marry" Coulibaly, though such unions are not recognised in France
unless preceded by a civil ceremony conducted by local officials, and the
couple lived in a modest apartment in the poor suburb south of Paris.
Le Parisien newspaper said she lost her
job as a cashier because she insisted on wearing the top-to-toe Islamic wear
known as a niqab. 
Boumeddiene accompanied Coulibaly several times to a
forest in central southern France to fire a crossbow. Le Monde published
several photos of the couple holding up the weapon, with Boumeddiene wearing
her niqab.
Her whereabouts are not known, but thousands of
police have been deployed to actively search for her.
Ökkeş
Bölükbaşı, İstanbul –Ocak.2015 - okkesb@gmail.com,
http://www.medyagunebakis.com/-okkesb@turkfreezone.com,
https://www.facebook.com/okkes.bolukbasi,
Ökkeş
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